Understanding important concepts becomes much easier when you practice with clear and accurate physics MCQ questions. Multiple-choice questions help students test their knowledge, improve problem-solving skills, and prepare confidently for school exams, competitive tests, and board examinations. This collection of physics MCQs covers topics like motion, force, energy, light, sound, electricity, thermodynamics, waves, and modern physics. Each question comes with the correct answer so you can quickly check your understanding. Whether you are a Class 9, 10, 11, or 12 student, these MCQs will help you study faster and strengthen your basics in a simple and effective way.
Top Physics MCQ Questions with Answers
Q. A body of mass 2 kg is moving with a velocity of 5 m/s. Its kinetic energy is:
A) 5 J
B) 10 J
C) 25 J
D) 50 J
Answer: C) 25 J
Q.The work done by a force of 10 N moving a body through 3 m in the direction of force is:
A) 13 J
B) 30 J
C) 20 J
D) 3 J
Answer: B) 30 J
Q.If the net force acting on a body is zero, its acceleration is:
A) Zero
B) Constant
C) Increasing
D) Decreasing
Answer: A) Zero
Q.The dimension of force is:
A) [M L T⁻²]
B) [M L² T⁻²]
C) [M L T⁻¹]
D) [M L² T⁻¹]
Answer: A) [M L T⁻²]
Q.The centripetal force on a body moving in a circle depends on:
A) Mass, velocity, radius
B) Mass, radius, acceleration
C) Mass only
D) Velocity only
Answer: A) Mass, velocity, radius
Q.The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is approximately:
A) 9.8 m/s²
B) 8.9 m/s²
C) 10.5 m/s²
D) 7.8 m/s²
Answer: A) 9.8 m/s²
Q.Momentum of a body is given by:
A) Mass × Velocity
B) Mass × Acceleration
C) Force × Time
D) Mass / Velocity
Answer: A) Mass × Velocity
Q.A body in free fall experiences:
A) Constant velocity
B) Increasing acceleration
C) Constant acceleration
D) Zero acceleration
Answer: C) Constant acceleration
Q.The potential energy of a body at height h is:
A) mgh
B) ½ mv²
C) mg/h
D) m/v
Answer: A) mgh
Q.The SI unit of power is:
A) Watt
B) Joule
C) Newton
D) Pascal
Answer: A) Watt
Q.Ohm’s law states:
A) V = IR
B) V = I/R
C) I = V + R
D) V = I²R
Answer: A) V = IR
Q.The unit of resistance is:
A) Ohm
B) Volt
C) Ampere
D) Joule
Answer: A) Ohm
Q.Electric current is measured in:
A) Ampere
B) Volt
C) Ohm
D) Watt
Answer: A) Ampere
Q.The formula for electric power is:
A) P = VI
B) P = V/I
C) P = I²/V
D) P = V²/I²
Answer: A) P = VI
Q.Two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series. The equivalent resistance is:
A) R1 + R2
B) (R1 × R2)/(R1 + R2)
C) R1 − R2
D) R1/R2
Answer: A) R1 + R2
Q.The magnetic field around a straight current-carrying wire is:
A) Circular
B) Linear
C) Rectangular
D) Zero
Answer: A) Circular
Q.In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each resistor is:
A) Same
B) Different
C) Zero
D) Half of total voltage
Answer: A) Same
Q.Coulomb’s law relates:
A) Force between two charges
B) Current and resistance
C) Voltage and current
D) Energy and work
Answer: A) Force between two charges
Q.The SI unit of capacitance is:
A) Farad
B) Henry
C) Ohm
D) Tesla
Answer: A) Farad
Q.A conductor’s resistance increases with:
A) Temperature
B) Voltage
C) Magnetic field
D) Capacitance
Answer: A) Temperature
Q.First law of thermodynamics is a statement of:
A) Energy conservation
B) Work done
C) Heat flow
D) Entropy increase
Answer: A) Energy conservation
Q.The process in which no heat is exchanged is called:
A) Adiabatic
B) Isothermal
C) Isobaric
D) Isochoric
Answer: A) Adiabatic
Q.SI unit of heat is:
A) Joule
B) Calorie
C) Watt
D) Pascal
Answer: A) Joule
Q.Absolute zero temperature is:
A) 0 K
B) 273 K
C) 100 K
D) −273 K
Answer: A) 0 K
Q.Entropy measures:
A) Disorder of a system
B) Energy
C) Work
D) Heat capacity
Answer: A) Disorder of a system
Q.During isothermal expansion, the temperature of the gas:
A) Remains constant
B) Increases
C) Decreases
D) Becomes zero
Answer: A) Remains constant
Q.The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends on:
A) Temperatures of hot and cold reservoirs
B) Type of gas
C) Pressure of gas
D) Volume of cylinder
Answer: A) Temperatures of hot and cold reservoirs
Q.Unit of specific heat capacity is:
A) J/kg·K
B) J/m³
C) W/m²
D) N/m²
Answer: A) J/kg·K
Q.Heat transfer by conduction occurs mainly in:
A) Solids
B) Liquids
C) Vacuum
D) All states equally
Answer: A) Solids
Q.The second law of thermodynamics states:
A) Heat cannot flow from cold to hot body spontaneously
B) Energy is conserved
C) Entropy decreases
D) Work equals energy
Answer: A) Heat cannot flow from cold to hot body spontaneously
Q.The speed of sound in air at 0°C is approximately:
A) 331 m/s
B) 300 m/s
C) 350 m/s
D) 273 m/s
Answer: A) 331 m/s
Q.The wavelength of a wave is:
A) Distance between two consecutive crests
B) Frequency × Speed
C) Time period × Speed
D) Amplitude × Frequency
Answer: A) Distance between two consecutive crests
Q.The period of a wave is:
A) Time for one complete oscillation
B) Distance between two crests
C) Frequency × Amplitude
D) Energy / Time
Answer: A) Time for one complete oscillation
Q.The frequency of a wave is:
A) Number of oscillations per second
B) Time for one oscillation
C) Wavelength × Velocity
D) Amplitude of wave
Answer: A) Number of oscillations per second
Q.In a transverse wave, particle displacement is:
A) Perpendicular to wave direction
B) Parallel to wave direction
C) Zero
D) Along wave velocity
Answer: A) Perpendicular to wave direction
Sound waves in air are:
A) Longitudinal
B) Transverse
C) Both
D) Stationary
Answer: A) Longitudinal
Q.The speed of a wave depends on:
A) Medium
B) Amplitude
C) Frequency only
D) Wavelength only
Answer: A) Medium
Q.Resonance occurs when:
A) Natural frequency = External frequency
B) Frequency = 0
C) Amplitude is zero
D) Wave stops
Answer: A) Natural frequency = External frequency
Q.The pitch of a sound depends on:
A) Frequency
B) Amplitude
C) Medium
D) Wavelength
Answer: A) Frequency
Q.The Doppler effect is related to:
A) Change in frequency due to motion
B) Change in amplitude
C) Change in speed of light
D) Polarization of light
Answer: A) Change in frequency due to motion
Q.The focal length of a concave mirror is 10 cm. Its radius of curvature is:
A) 20 cm
B) 10 cm
C) 5 cm
D) 15 cm
Answer: A) 20 cm
When light passes from air into glass, it:
A) Bends towards the normal
B) Bends away from normal
C) Travels straight
D) Reflects completely
Answer: A) Bends towards the normal
Q.The lens used to correct myopia (short-sightedness) is:
A) Concave lens
B) Convex lens
C) Plane lens
D) Cylindrical lens
Answer: A) Concave lens
Q.The unit of refractive index is:
A) Dimensionless
B) Meter
C) Joule
D) Watt
Answer: A) Dimensionless
Q.The phenomenon of splitting of light into its colors is called:
A) Dispersion
B) Diffraction
C) Interference
D) Polarization
Answer: A) Dispersion
Q.The magnification of a plane mirror is:
A) 1
B) 0
C) Greater than 1
D) Less than 1
Answer: A) 1
Q.In a convex lens, parallel rays of light converge at:
A) Principal focus
B) Optical center
C) Beyond lens
D) Diverge infinitely
Answer: A) Principal focus
Q.Total internal reflection occurs when:
A) Light goes from denser to rarer medium and angle > critical angle
B) Light goes from rarer to denser medium
C) Light slows down
D) Reflection angle = 0
Answer: A) Light goes from denser to rarer medium and angle > critical angle
Q.The image formed by a plane mirror is:
A) Virtual and upright
B) Real and inverted
C) Virtual and inverted
D) Real and upright
Answer: A) Virtual and upright
Q.Polarisation of light is related to:
A) Direction of vibration of light waves
B) Wavelength
C) Intensity only
D) Frequency
Answer: A) Direction of vibration of light waves
Q.The electron was discovered by:
A) J.J. Thomson
B) Rutherford
C) Einstein
D) Bohr
Answer: A) J.J. Thomson
Q.The nucleus of an atom was discovered by:
A) Rutherford
B) Thomson
C) Dalton
D) Bohr
Answer: A) Rutherford
Q.The energy of a photon is given by:
A) E = hν
B) E = mc²
C) E = ½ mv²
D) E = Vq
Answer: A) E = hν
Q.The unit of radioactivity is:
A) Becquerel
B) Curie
C) Gray
D) Sievert
Answer: A) Becquerel
Q.The half-life of a radioactive substance is:
A) Time for half the nuclei to decay
B) Time for complete decay
C) Time to double nuclei
D) Time for energy emission
Answer: A) Time for half the nuclei to decay
Q.In the Bohr model, electrons revolve in:
A) Fixed orbits
B) Random paths
C) Spiral paths
D) Inside nucleus
Answer: A) Fixed orbits
Q.Mass-energy equivalence is expressed as:
A) E = mc²
B) E = hν
C) E = ½ mv²
D) E = mgh
Answer: A) E = mc²
Q.X-rays are produced when:
A) High-speed electrons hit a metal target
B) Light passes through a prism
C) Radio waves are reflected
D) Photons are absorbed in air
Answer: A) High-speed electrons hit a metal target
Q.The phenomenon in which electrons are emitted from a metal surface when light falls on it is:
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton effect
C) Reflection
D) Refraction
Answer: A) Photoelectric effect
Q.The unit of Planck’s constant is:
A) Joule·second
B) Joule
C) Watt
D) Newton
Answer: A) Joule·second
Practising physics MCQ questions regularly is one of the most effective ways to improve your understanding of concepts and boost exam confidence. These MCQs help you revise quickly, identify weak areas, and strengthen your problem-solving skills. Whether preparing for school tests, board exams, or competitive exams, consistent practice ensures better accuracy and speed. Use these MCQs as a daily study tool to stay prepared and avoid last-minute stress. Keep revising, keep practising, and you will notice steady improvement in your performance. Physics becomes easier when you learn step by step and test your knowledge along the way.
